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The International Court of Justice's order affirmed the plausibility of genocide being committed in Gaza and ordered Israel not to do so further. It also treated denial of humanitarian necessities as part of genocide. These orders are as mandatory as International Law gets.
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However, the Preliminary Measures failed to provide any hard boundary on what acts violate the Genocide Convention. Given that Israel denies that any act since October 8 was genocidal, this is a huge problem.
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The order to stop acts of genocide in the PM is framed exactly as South Africa requested. Total ceasefire is the only higher option they proposed. One could imagine other orders, but I suspect it is on South Africa or other intervening parties to formulate them.
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Insofar as preliminary measures are analogous to a temporary restraining order, we need the ICJ to set out lines that an attacking party cannot cross, lines that are objective to all parties.
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In this case, there a dozens of possible minimum standards: cease all attacks on hospitals, bakeries, water infrastructure, medical workers, etc. Also, prohibiting free-fire zones, destruction of homes, of mosques, of schools. Extending protection to facilities housing IDPs.
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As it is, Israel has been ordered to "immediately" address the humanitarian crisis, with a report on its actions due in 1 month.
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In a fully developed and centralized international legal system, the ICJ might formulate such measures. If the US veto hadn't been invoked, the ICJ could just order compliance with a UNSC Ceasefire Resolution. But here and now I think it falls 5o South Africa to propose.
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With that said, the intellectual work and moral weight of this case also came through UN Special Rapporteurs and agencies like the WHO, whose text underlies the substance of today's ruling.
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The United Nations system observes and coordinates but does not govern the world. But its observations and analysis were determinative of today's ruling.